بحث أنواع القياس وأثرها فى استدلال الفقهاء: بحث تكميلى لمادة أصول الفقه Researching the types of analogy and their impact on the reasoning of jurists: complementary research for the subject of the principles of jurisprudence Section Islamic Literature

Abstract

Shariah Islamic Taqiyamat is the applicable Shariah for the people. It is the responsibility of jurisprudence to provide the Shariah solution to the modern problems that arise in every age. The first and most authentic source of Islam is the Holy Quran and according to the majority of jurists, Qiyas is the last source among the four main sources of Islam (Quran, Sunnah, Ijmaa and Qiyas). All the jurists, theologians, scholars, except Shia Imamia and Companions of Al-Zawahir, believe that Qiyas is valid and correct and consider the words obtained through Qiyas as worthy of life and acceptable to God. In this article, the literal and terminological definition of presumption has been explained by the sayings of different jurists and the four members of presumption have been explained. In the light of the sayings of Jamhur Fiqha, the importance and necessity of supposition has been proved by the Quranic verses, the sayings of the Messenger and the Companions, and the necessity and importance of supposition has been proven logically. It is admitted by Muslims that the Qur'an and the Sunnah The orders described in the Qur'an are limited and human problems and events are also limited and the limited object cannot cover the unlimited, therefore common sense requires that a source be found in the light of which the modern problems which are clearly stated in the Qur'an and Sunnah. Shari'a solution should be found for those not mentioned and this means is supposition. Hypothetical statements and theories are refuted with problematic rational deductions. In this paper, there is a description of the conditions and limits of Qiyas and the types of Qiyas and the Shariah status of the word proved by Qiyas are discussed and the jurists agree that Qiyas are not permissible in the confirmation of specific issues and beliefs.