The Sacred Texts of Abrahamic Faiths: Common Themes in the Torah, Bible, and Qur'an

Abstract

The divine Abrahamic faiths, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have similarities in a shared base of their basic beliefs which are reflected in sacred divine books: the Torah, the Bible, and the Qur'an. These texts have basic teachings about the nature of God, prophets, moral values, and the life after death which influence the spiritual and moral lives of followers since ancient times. This study highlights key themes which are shared by these books that begin from the concept of God and each text mainly shows the oneness of God, however, there are differences like the Christian followers later developed the trinity belief which was not in their divine book and not by the Prophet Jesus AS. They exalted the prophet at extreme level and made him the part of God, this concept is opposed both by Judaism and Islam. Moreover, the present followers of Judaism have refined their belief in line with Qur’anic guidelines and they no more believe that Uzair AS was the son of God. Present Jewish people now also have belief in one God. Then the study explores the role of prophets as conveyer to humanity about the divine revelation through Moses AS, Jesus AS, and Muhammad PBUH as messengers of God’s commandments. Another important focus is on divine law that develops moral frameworks and reveals each tradition's dedication to morality and justice. Finally, it explores the concept of afterlife and highlights the common belief in Day of Judgment and reward that create the sense of accountability in believers. By analyzing key themes it reveals a deep interfaith potential for mutual understanding of religion and respect in the Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The comparative analysis highlights the interconnectedness among Torah, Bible, and Qur'an as texts which affirm their divine doctrines and reflect common theological foundations.