برصغیر کے متجددانہ تفسیر ی ادب میں ما بعدالطبیعات مباحث:ایک تحقیقی جائزہ Metaphysical Discourses in Modernist Exegetical Literature of the Subcontinent, A Research Evaluation Section Islamic Literature

Abstract

In subcontinent, significant contributions to the exegetical literature on the interpretation of the Holy Qur'an have emerged. Among these, modern styles of exegesis have gained considerable popularity. Notable modernist scholars, such as Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Ghulam Ahmad Pervez, Allama Inayatullah Mashriqi, Aslam Jirajpuri, Abdullah Chakralvi, Amir Ali, Chiragh Ali, and Ahmed Din Amratsari, have made distinct contributions to this field. The exegetical works produced by these scholars differ markedly from the traditional exegesis of Jamhoor and the Salaf, representing a separate genre of Quranic interpretation. Within this genre, numerous exegetical discussions have been explored across various fields. However, there remains a gap in the scholarly evaluation of discussions related to metaphysical themes. This article aims to address this gap by critically reviewing the metaphysical discussions found in the exegetical literature of selected modernist scholars. The Qur'an, as the primary source of Islamic teachings, has a profound influence on the lives of Muslims. Its interpretation, therefore, directly impacts the moral and behavioral conduct of the Muslim community. If the Qur'an is interpreted in accordance with divine principles, it leads to positive outcomes in ethics and actions. Conversely, interpretations driven by human desires and arbitrary reasoning can lead to moral corruption and spiritual blindness. The past two centuries have witnessed scientific revolutions that have influenced global philosophies and academic disciplines, including Quranic exegesis. A group of modern commentators has been so deeply influenced by contemporary science and ideologies that they began interpreting the divine text through the lens of modern thought. While modern science acknowledges only the material world, it has somewhat preserved natural themes in the Qur'an. However, it has also led to the questioning and reinterpretation of fundamental Quranic concepts such as the existence of God, the creation of the universe, the existence of Adam and Eve, Heaven, Revelation, Angels, Jinn, Satan, the afterlife, Ascension, Miracles, Fate, and the reality of Heaven and Hell.Given that the scientific method is continuously evolving, there is a growing tendency to dismiss anything that lies beyond human comprehension. It is crucial to investigate these topics to ensure that future generations can access the true meanings of the Holy Qur'an. In light of this necessity, this article presents a research endeavor aimed at exploring and clarifying these metaphysical themes within the context of modernist exegesis.